VTS procures tissue aseptically and processes it by strict adherence to surgical principles and clean-room protocols. Each graft is cultured at the time of procurement. Bone grafts are frozen until donor history, serology and culture results are reviewed and only then are tissues released for processing. Any tissue with a pathogenic organism or positive serology is discarded.

Samples from each batch are cultured during processing to detect microorganisms. Some tissues may be treated with vancomycin and gentamicin during processing.

At final packaging, the grafts are each individually cultured, and this culture must be negative for 14 days before grafts are released from quarantine.